Maintenance/improvement Tips - 4.3

[anchorman]

Difficulty - Medium

Time - The are 2 stages, one to adjust the brakes themselves and the other to adjust the cable.

Cable 10 minutes

Including brakes 1 hour.

Tools - jack and wheel brace, flat blade screwdriver, phillips No2 screwdriver, 10mm socket and suitable driver. Trim tool if available. 2 X 10mm spanners.

Introduction

The handbrake on all 4.3 RAVs is of the "drum in hat/exclusive" type. This consists of a small diameter drum brake which is positioned in the boss of the rear brake disc. Although a handbrake could be incorporated into the disc brake, these are becoming less popular because they rely entirely upon clamping force which requires high actuation force and are exposed to contamination if the vehicle should be used off road. Although the parking brake is efficient, it should be remembered that it is solely a static brake and should never be used dynamically because it is at a huge mecanical disadvantage - a tiny brake inside a large wheel. Even applying it just as the wheels are coming to a stand will eventually cause excessive wear of the components.

As it is a static brake the linings should last indefinitely and the brake requires little maintenance. Once adjusted after the linings have bedded to the drum it should normally not be required again for the life of the vehicle. Occasionally the drum brakes may become inefficient due to lack of use, a build up of contaminants or incorrect use.

If the linings have become wet (when the vehicle is waded to the depth of 300 - 500mm) the brake will be submerged and can be dried by applying the handbrake with a force of 10kgs for a distance not exceeding 400m at 30mph. If the linings have been replaced they can be bedded by using the same procedure but repeating the process after a cooling period of 1 minute a number of times as required. In this case the brake should be re-adjusted when completed. Once the brakes have been adjusted for the first time, any subsequent adjustment required is likely to be as a result of cable stretch. If you have no reason to suspect the brakes need further adjustment (you haven't renewed the linings etc) then it is acceptable to adjust the cable only.

The cost for having the handbrake adjusted can vary. I have heard reports ranging from £25 - £65 which I presume depends on whether the foundation drum brakes have been adjusted or only the cable.

Procedure

To adjust the foundation parking brake shoes;

Working on level ground safely chock the front wheels and release the hand brake. Observing all the usual precautions, jack up and remove one rear wheel. Ideally the vehicle should be jacked and supported on axle stands but if the supplied vehicle jack is used under no circumstances place any part of your body under the vehicle. As the disc is not fixed to the hub it is necessary to secure it by taking two of the wheel nuts and running them up to the disc. The hand brake adjuster is accessible through a rubber bung in the disc. Using a screwdriver, prize out the bung and rotate the disc (it will be stiff as you have to turn the transmission) until the toothed adjuster is visible - it will be somewhere near the bottom. Note - the photos of the disc are Wollastons 4.2 but for the purposes of this exercise they are the same;

Use the screwdriver to engage the teeth of the adjuster;

To adjust the brake you need to turn the adjuster as shown to expand the shoes;

Turn the adjuster until it is no longer possible to move the disc then turn it backwards until the disc is just free. It is OK to hear it rubbing but it should not be tight. Turn the disc a full revolution to make sure there are no tight spots. When complete refit the rubber bung and the roadwheel.

Go around and repeat the process at the other wheel but when finished do not lower the wheel to the ground.

To adjust the hand brake cable;

Go inside the car and use a trim tool or screwdriver to prize off the trim at the side of the gearstick. If you have not done this before you will think that you are going to break it but it is designed to come off. However, take care starting at the rear and as it comes up keep moving the tool under and towards the front to get a better purchase;

There are 4 clips, three on the bottom and one facing forward at the front so lift it up at the back first then as soon as the bottom clips are free pull it back;

Now get your lever under the gear lever gaiter and gently prize it up;

Lift the gaiter over the gearstick out of the way but do not attempt to remove it. Now open the centre storage lid and prize off the panel that holds the mirror controls. This is the entire panel which goes around the gearstick - the mirror controls are on a smaller panel on it. The are no screws only clips;

From under the panel squeeze the clips gently and push out the mirror control panel. Then press the clip and remove the wires;

Remove these items to access the cable adjuster.

Use the 2 X 10mm spanners to unlock the adjusting nut. Hold the bottom nut still and undo the top nut anti clockwise;

Now turn the bottom nut clockwise to tension the cable. The specification calls for 7 - 9 clicks with a pulling force of 20kgs (44 lbs) - thats a heavy pull! The main thing is not to over adjust it so you should still feel some free play at the bottom of the lever travel. Keep adjusting and testing little by little. If you start at the bottom and pull, you should not feel any resistance until about the third click. As a check go back to the jacked up wheel and check that it turns freely.

Replace all of the trim in the reverse order remembering to re-connect that cigar lighter. Lower the remaining wheel and don't forget to finally tighten the road wheel nuts to the specified torque of 76 ft/lbs. As a final check take the vehicle to an incline where it would normally just roll and check to see that it does so in both directions. For those that might prefer the handbrake to be on with just one click don't forget that if it binds it will get hot and cause a lot of damage so whatever happens make sure you do these checks to make sure it is free.

[duncerduncs]

Top tips as usual anchorman

Just one question... can you do this without removing the rear wheels?

Us T180 owners can't take our wheels off, as we'll bugger up the TPMS system...

[dave.m]

excellent thread as we now expect Anchorman, just a thought though. Could be a business

opportunity here, could we get Halfrauds to start selling Anchor Manuals ? (Haynes watch out )

[duncerduncs]

excellent thread as we now expect Anchorman, just a thought though. Could be a business

opportunity here, could we get Halfrauds to start selling Anchor Manuals ? (Haynes watch out )

I thought he already had a business making a wide range of butter products...

[sywy]

We can't take our wheels of because of the TPMS???

[anchorman]

Don't worry Simes - you can and I'm afraid Duncs you'll have to do.

You cannot access that rubber bung with the wheel on. You can soon take the cable up a bit without touching the wheels. I prefer to do the wheels first because thats the correct procedure but inevitably some garages don't.

[Parts-King]

The number of times I hear people saying, "my handbrake has no adjustment left on it", the trouble is most people adjust the cable and as Anchorman quite rightly points out, you should adjust the pad/shoe end first, then the cable. (ensuring you slacken off the lever end first if all the adjustment has been used on the cable) Oh happy days crawling under minis and the like to free off the handbrake quadrants! They dont make them like that anymore..........Thank the Lord :D:

Kingo

[anchorman]

The number of times I hear people saying, "my handbrake has no adjustment left on it", the trouble is most people adjust the cable and as Anchorman quite rightly points out, you should adjust the pad/shoe end first, then the cable. (ensuring you slacken off the lever end first if all the adjustment has been used on the cable) Oh happy days crawling under minis and the like to free off the handbrake quadrants! They dont make them like that anymore..........Thank the Lord :D:

Kingo

oow kingo those quadrants. I thought they were a nightmare I used to have but now you've brought it back.

[CharlieFarlie]

Don. What is 76 in Newton metres ??? is it 103 ? Thanks !

Oh and do You torque the locking nuts ?? If so is to a lower value ?? Thanks again !!

[anchorman]

Yes - 103 and the same for the locking nut